1. KRIB
darik.bg - On second reading: MPs decide on the ban on gambling advertising
Published: 30.04.2024/09/50 XNUMX:XNUMX
MPs will decide on the second reading on the ban on gambling ads on the Internet, on TV and radio. An extraordinary session of the National Assembly will be held today, with the first item on the agenda being a second vote on the bill to amend and supplement the Gambling Act. The changes were introduced by Temenuzka Petkova (GERB-SDS) and Yordan Tsonev (DPS).
According to the bill, gambling advertising will remain permitted only on billboards, on the gambling sites themselves, and on sports facilities and teams, except for those for children. The operation of gambling halls and casinos in small settlements with less than 5000 inhabitants will also be prohibited, with the exception of resorts and settlements around border crossings.
Meanwhile, from the Confederation of Employers and Industrialists in (KRIB) came out with a position in relation to the upcoming changes to the Gambling Act, which should ban the advertising of gambling games.
"The ban on lawfully informing consumers about legal gambling operators and their services will lead to a shift to illegal providers who do not comply with the rules of the ZH and other applicable legislation and where there are no guarantees for the protection of minors and consumers in general", it is stated in their opinion.
As the second item of the extraordinary session of the National Assembly, a second vote on the amendments to the Law on Personal Income Taxes is planned. It repeals the alternative tax for income from collecting wild mushrooms and fruits, including medicinal plants. The sponsors of this bill are Yordan Tsonev (DPS) and Temenuzka Petkova (GERB-SDS).
The agenda also includes the discussion of the first reading of the bill to amend and supplement the Law on Political and Civil Rehabilitation of Repressed Persons, submitted by GERB-SDS and DPS, as well as a bill to ratify the international treaty on Amendment and Supplement No. 2 of international agreement (LOA) BU-D-SAB "F-16 Block 70 aircraft and related support" introduced by the Council of Ministers.
https://darik.bg/na-vtoro-chetene-deputatite-reshavat-za-zabranata-na-reklamata-za-hazart
news.bg - Economists: The ban on gambling advertising is a pre-election move
Published: 30.04.2024/09/45 XNUMX:XNUMX
The ban on gambling advertising in the media, which is expected to be fast-tracked to a second reading in parliament today, is a dangerous precedent with consequences for the economy. Including because of the surprising rise of the idea, its speedy promotion and the lack of any analysis of the consequences and effects. Separately - this happens during an election campaign. Economists Vasil Karaivanov and Mihail Krastev share this opinion. We remind you that the proposal entered the parliament submitted by GERB and DPS, and the texts were already adopted in the first reading. "Something very strange is happening. Deputies gather suddenly, there is some incredible enthusiasm to change part of the economic rules that have worked so far", Karaivanov pointed out. According to him, the damage to the budget after such a decision will be around BGN 200-300 million for 2024. Karaivanov also pointed out that so far no actions have been taken to limit online gambling and the proposals come as a surprise. 50 percent of gambling is online, which means that behind this industry is the IT sector, a creative industry. "The media itself is a very small link in the entire chain of added value," comments Karaivanov. He also highlighted that a serious consequence would be what kind of signal is sent to each and every foreign investor. Mihail Krastev also agrees that there will be serious damage to the budget, stating that what was recorded in the impact assessment for the draft law of GERB and DPS is a lie. "This is totally false. I can't believe that legislation is introduced in parliament with such reasoning. We know that this sector is one of the big taxpayers. The damage to the budget will be higher than BGN 200 million, probably around BGN 400 million," Krastev claims. The complete ban on gambling advertising in the media caused a serious backlash among the business itself. The Bulgarian Gambling Association pointed out that the ban will not achieve the goal of limiting gambling and its addictions, and what will happen is the growth of the gray sector through unlicensed sites. This does not protect either consumers or budget revenues from gambling taxes and fees. The Association of Bulgarian Radio and Television Broadcasters pointed out that the introduction of a complete ban on gambling advertising in the middle of the year is a blow to the financial independence of the media, as this sector has a large share in advertising budgets. This, in turn, will have a direct effect on users' access to sports and quality journalistic content. From KRIB - The Confederation of Employers and Industrialists in Bulgaria also came out with a negative opinion, in which they state that a complete ban on advertising will not achieve the set goals. Sports clubs and federations have also spoken out against it.
https://news.bg/politics/ikonomisti-zabranata-na-reklamata-na-hazart-e-predizboren-hod.html
The article can also be read at:
https://dnesplus.bg/bulgaria/ikonomisti-zabranata-na-reklamata-na-hazart-e-predizboren-hod_1155269
vesti.bg – KRIB: The changes in the Gambling Law will have lasting adverse consequences for the state, society and the business climate in the country
Published: 29.04.2024/21/45 XNUMX:XNUMX
The Confederation insists on a broad public discussion The Confederation of Employers and Industrialists in Bulgaria (KRIB) came out with a position on the Bill for Amendments and Supplements to the Law on Gambling. The Confederation explains that it shares the motives of the importers, according to which advertising has a vital role in relation to a well-functioning legal market. They also express the opinion that the advertising of gambling games should be responsible and that its regulation should be sustainable under clear rules and conditions. But they do not share the understanding that the stated goals are achieved with the complete ban on advertising. "The ban on lawfully informing consumers about legal gambling operators and their services will lead to a shift to illegal providers that do not comply with the rules of the ZH and other applicable legislation and where there are no guarantees for the protection of minors and consumers in general," it says in the position. From KRIB warn that the changes will have lasting adverse consequences for the state, society and business climate in the country. "Thousands of employees employed in the gambling industry will lose their jobs - on the one hand, people employed by gambling operators (in gaming halls and casinos according to the territorial restriction and in all other gambling organizers - entire advertising departments are expected to be closed), and on the other hand, and highly qualified personnel at the manufacturers of gaming equipment, since the reduction in the number of gaming facilities and the ban on advertising legal gambling will also reflect on the gaming equipment market", the Confederation adds. "Jobs will also be freed up in the media, as well as in advertising agencies working in the sector, as the main revenue from advertising in the media, according to official data, also comes from the gambling industry. The financial stability of the media will be violated through direct intervention of the state and coercion to terminate the bond relations of the gambling industry with advertising agencies, televisions, radios, print and electronic media", further emphasized by KRIB. The Confederation believes that Bulgarian sports, whose main sponsor is the gambling industry, will also lose its main financial support, as well as Bulgarian culture. From KRIB insist on a broad public discussion, the preparation of an impact assessment, and that the proposals of the working group under the leadership of the Acting Minister of Finance be taken into consideration. The entire position of KRIB: Don't miss the most important news - follow us on Google News Showcase
The article can also be read at:
https://www.dotbg.bg/article/17767476
https://profit.bg/article/2024043006154974443
https://novini.vratsa.eu/bg/biznesat-skochi-sreshtu-promenite-v-markzakona-za-hazartamark/
https://www.marica.bg/biznes-zona/biznesat-skochi-sreshtu-promenite-v-zakona-za-hazarta
https://novini.bg/bylgariya/ikonomika/842758
https://politikata.net/571324/
https://tribune.bg/bg/parite/krib-s-promenite-v-zakona-za-h/
https://www.24plovdiv.bg/novini/article/17767474
https://www.24chasa.bg/biznes/article/17767320
2. Employers
novinite.bg – Bulgarians are the most preferred workers in the tourism sector
Published: 30.04.2024/14/35 XNUMX:XNUMX
The Minister of Tourism Evtim Miloshev discussed with the representatives of the tourism business the problems and challenges in the sector that they face on the eve of the summer tourist season. One of the most hotly advocated and debated issues was the lack of staff, skilled workers and visas for foreign workers from third countries.
A number of currently unsolvable case studies were shared related to the obstacles to obtaining visas and the difficult access of potential workers from third countries, usually arriving from distant destinations such as Kyrgyzstan, Nepal, India.
In parallel with the discussion in the hall, the people's representatives in the parliament were expected to vote on two key paragraphs of the Law on Amendments and Supplements to the Law on Foreigners in the Republic of Bulgaria, with which to find a solution and unlock the possibility of the employers seasonal workers from third countries to support the successful running of the upcoming summer tourist season.
Shortly after the end of the meeting of Minister Miloshev in "Sunny Beach", the expected legal change was voted by the people's representatives. Its adoption will extend the stay of seasonal third-country workers from 90 to 180 consecutive days within each 12-month period of initial registration.
When the visa expires, the workers will be able to extend it without having to leave the territory of Bulgaria to apply again. Thus, they will be able to stay with the same employer or change it for the duration of their new employment contract.
Minutes before the National Assembly voted on the change, Minister Miloshev commented to the representatives of the tourism business.
"If it happens, it will be an incredible sign and symbol that we are a civil society. And I will be the happiest person for this breach in the system. But you should be happier than me, even though we know it won't solve all the problems. These changes are not a panacea, but they will greatly ease the work of foreign workers and theirs employers and I believe that it will be deeply motivating", said Evtim Miloshev.
https://www.novinite.bg/articles/251796/Balgarite-sa-naj-predpochitanite-rabotnici-v-sektor-turizam
konkurent.bg - Annual awards for an employer who has invested in health and safety working conditions in Vratsa Region for 2023 PHOTOS: Konkurent.bg
Published: 30.04.2024/10/50 XNUMX:XNUMX
Events
On April 26, the "Employer of the Year - 2023, invested in safe and healthy working conditions" awards were presented at an official ceremony in the Vratsa Regional Administration.
By tradition this year too employer organizations nominated the most successful in Vratsa region employers, invested in health and safety working conditions for 2023, which are voted on by the Regional Council for safe working conditions.
The competition is held for the fifth year in a row, on the initiative of the regional governor of the Vratsa region, in 3 categories related to the activity and success of companies that create modern, healthy and safe working conditions, plan and conduct staff training, aware that the investments in human resources are the most valuable capital of any employer. This year, the nominations were proposed by the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Vratsa.
In the category: "Investment in the improvement of the working environment with the aim of protecting the life, health and working capacity of the employees" the prize was presented to Radosveta Krumova by the Regional Governor Nadya Donkinska of the People's Community Center "RAZVITIE - 1869" Vratsa.
"Holsim Bulgaria" JSC was awarded in the "Training of personnel for knowledge and compliance with health and safety working conditions" category. The regional governor presented the prize and congratulated Rosen Papazov, executive director of the enterprise.
In the category "Introduced innovation in the improvement of working conditions", two companies, Hadjiyski and Familia OOD and "Holsim Bulgaria" AD, were awarded
Talented students from "Father Paisiy" Vratsa Secondary School participated in the wonderful mood of the holiday with performances and dances.
After the end of the official ceremony, regional governor Nadia Donkinska thanked the business representatives for taking responsibility for creating a better working environment and noted that a number of employers in the district pay special attention and invite those present to observe the tradition and offer flowers in front of the "Worker" monument near the village of Zgorigrad. With a minute's silence, those present honored the memory of those who died in work accidents.
The World Day for Safety and Health at Work has been celebrated since 2003 on April 28, according to a decision of the International Labor Organization. The aim is to draw the attention of the world public to health and safety at work, as well as to foster a culture of prevention, which is the basis of the prevention of occupational accidents and work-related diseases.
24chasa.bg - Experts: No workplace deaths by 2030 if rules are followed
Published: 29.04.2024/17/35 XNUMX:XNUMX
In compliance with the safety rules by workers and employers perhaps by 2030 zero workplace mortality will be achieved, as the European Commission expects. This was said by Georgi Milchin, Chief Secretary of the Executive Agency "Main Labor Inspection".
In Veliko Tarnovo, he opened the forum "Get home after work! Someone is waiting for you there" - part of the National campaign for the prevention of occupational injuries. According to him, for the first three months of the year compared to the same period of 2023, there was a decrease in work accidents, but it is worrying that they still happen. According to the data he presented, for the three months of the year, there were 38 fatal accidents at work, of which 15 were traumatic, and the rest were caused by other circumstances, such as a heart attack, stroke or traffic accident.
He noted that the current legislation is sufficiently adequate, but the rules need to be respected by everyone - and by employers, and by workers, since the process is mutual. The highest number of inspection checks were made in production enterprises with a high risk of accidents and construction sites. Most of the reasons are falling from a height, being pressed by heavy objects and others, he pointed out.
Overwork at the workplace, which leads to inadequate actions, formal acceptance of work safety briefings and underestimation of risk are among other causes of traumatism at the workplace, pointed out Rozalina Stefanova, director of the Labor Inspection in Veliko Tarnovo. She said that in 2023, the control authorities in the Veliko Tarnovo region investigated 14 occupational accidents, one of which resulted in death.
In the first quarter of this year, inspections of three occupational accidents were carried out. Last year, out of 1684 inspections carried out, 7129 violations were found, of which 3355 were violations under the Act on Safety and Health at Work, and the rest were for non-compliance with labor legislation.
The meeting was attended by representatives of branch organizations, employers and trade unions.
https://www.24chasa.bg/bulgaria/article/17765744
3. Business
money.bg – The Bulgarian in Austria, which is an important part of the management of a global chip giant
Published: 30.04.2024/14/15 XNUMX:XNUMX
Adelina Shikova is part of the big corporate world of Vienna. The Bulgarian works as a program director at Infineon Technologies - a world-renowned chip company, where she leads projects with over 20 teams. Adelina is one of the few women in such positions. He graduated from 4 universities in different countries around the world. Among them is the prestigious Vienna University of Economics - WU Executive Academy, from where he obtained a Global Executive MBA. Following is an interview with business the lady, especially for Money.bg Mrs. Shikova, you are an example of business success as a result of quality education. Tell our readers what studying at WU and the Global Executive MBA gave you and at what stage in your life did you decide to study? Did the master's degree lead to new and important professional contacts? Completion of the master's degree in global business administration at WU is about countless opportunities. On the one hand, the high-quality training provided provides a solid foundation for a successful career. On the other hand, the unique international contacts that take place through the program open doors to high-ranking professionals from many different countries. These connections not only enrich learning but also provide opportunities for global career expansion. The decision whether to invest in a quality education is not limited by age or a specific point in one's career, but rather depends on our willingness to learn and grow. For me personally, during my studies at the WU Executive Academy, I received a promotion at work, and just a few months later I was offered another management position at a significantly higher level in the same company. This represents two career steps forward in one year, which is rare. In parallel, my circle of contacts grew significantly and led to the launch of my own business с business- my partner Sabrina Vinischhofer. With her, we founded the Vienna Etiquette Society, where we share our knowledge and experience in the field of etiquette and refined manners, which we believe are important for career growth. Knowing and following the rules of etiquette has played a key role in my personal career development and I believe this experience deserves to be passed on to others business professionals who want to reach the next level in their career. The Bulgarian woman in Vienna, with whom the giants of the automobile industry take into account She works for a chip company and tries to manage "with a velvet glove" Does and how does quality education help for a better career and better management? Share about your personal experience. I chose to study business administration, the moment I decided to switch from technical to business career development. I have completed a master's degree in Radio-Communication Systems at the Technical University in Sofia, a second master's degree in Microelectronics at the Royal University in Stockholm and a PhD in Nanotechnology at the Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium in collaboration with the international microelectronics center IMEC. Each of these universities is considered elite in its country and without a doubt, a quality education from a prestigious university is essential for a successful career. However, we notice that all these majors are strictly focused on the technical side with minimal training in business the sphere. This leads to a significant deficit not only in knowledge but also in broad perspective.
Source: Wikipedia
We often encounter clashes of opinions and points of view in business meetings with representatives from various departments such as Marketing, Technology, Finance, Sales, Operations and Procurement. A successful leader must understand the perspectives and speak the language of each department in order to build the right one business strategy. A good Executive MBA education offers just that – knowledge from all areas of business. Also, the incredibly diverse selection of students contributes to rich discussions, different perspectives and the sharing of valuable professional experience. This type of relationship and high level of growth only exists when we study in a class with already established leaders. And when we talk about a global EMBA education, the horizons and opportunities increase manifold, as other cultures, traditions, business patterns and international interactions. What are you currently most actively involved in professionally? Tell us briefly about the most interesting thing about your profession, about your position, about the markets you work with? In my role as Program Director at Infineon Technologies, I am responsible for making strategic decisions regarding the development and market deployment of new technologies in the field of energy-saving chips. Our products are used in household electrical appliances, such as chargers, as well as in high-voltage panels, electric vehicles and virtually anywhere where efficient energy conversion with minimal losses is required. The most interesting thing about my position is that I have the opportunity to be at the intersection of all departments important to the business. My command of their professional languages and my ability to communicate at a competent level with each of these departments represents a unique combination of skills that is relevant to each business. Without the Global Executive MBA education, this would be much more difficult to achieve and would require significantly more time, resulting in missed opportunities. About my own business, I'm not even sure if I would dare to start this venture without having a good one business preparation, not to mention the importance of having a reliable business partner and a network of relevant contacts. As the founders of the Vienna Etiquette Society, we work with diligence and passion to create extremely useful etiquette courses and events that not only expand knowledge but also create opportunities for valuable connections. Participants have the opportunity to hone their skills in an elegant setting that promotes a high perception of refined manners. Are you partnering with WU again in any way and how? WU and their alumni networks are extremely active. The atmosphere itself is one of a kind, a place I am proud and happy to belong to. Various events are held throughout the year that support career development. This includes various types of coaching, presentations by prominent leaders, networking events, visits to large companies, startups and other similar activities. Vienna Etiquette Society is business partner of the WU Executive Academy, and we work together on numerous endeavors. We recently participated in Career Days. We also work hard with the WU EA Female Leaders Network, the association HerBizz International and the WU international immersions team. Our activities include trainings on business etiquette, refined manners, image consulting and preparation for the Viennese ball season. Is it difficult to be a Bulgarian woman in a management position in an international company? This is a really important topic that affects women in general. Despite all the challenges, I can confidently say that I am not the only woman from Bulgaria in a leadership position, nor am I the only graduate business administration at WU. Therefore, I encourage all Bulgarian women who aspire to the top, to be confident and not stop in the face of challenges. The success of each of us individually makes the way easier for those who come after us. I really like the motto of Professor-Dean Barbara Stöttinger and Woman Elevate: "When a woman reaches the top, she should send the elevator back down to help another climb the career." This, of course, applies not only to successful women, but also to society as a whole. Is there a recipe for being good? business leader? To be a good leader, you must be willing to serve. This means listening carefully, reading between the lines and understanding not only your team, but also your managers and all stakeholders. Another important trait is the ability to take responsibility and take well-judged risks. As Dr. Paul Stoffels says, encouraging his team: “You take the risks, I take the responsibility. ” This creates an environment of trust and emotional safety. The world needs more leaders who lead with empathy. What business advice would you give to someone who is currently reading about you and considering whether it makes sense to invest in studying at WU? It is extremely important in what aspect a person wants to develop his career and his business. WU Executive Academy has a brilliant reputation and network of contacts in Central and Eastern Europe. Austria is also a bridge to Germany, Switzerland and Western Europe, which positions the university extremely well. For people with international business I would especially recommend the Global Executive MBA program. It offers a dual degree from the WU Executive Academy and the University of Minnesota – Carlson School of Management, which is a huge advantage. The program is very international and includes study trips to South America, Africa, Asia and of course, the USA. Here, participants immerse themselves in the environment, see the issues first-hand, experience the culture and learn the ins and outs of making business in that specific market and geopolitical situation. Another important point is that the university's rating is rising rapidly, and of course, for good reasons. I believe that soon WU will be among the universities in a higher price category, as more and more people become convinced of the quality of education. Therefore, now is the perfect time to invest in an MBA at WU. Prices will never be as affordable as they are now. A good education plays a huge role in career growth. However, having knowledge alone is no guarantee of success. The way we use this knowledge, we interact with business our partners, our mannerisms and the impressions we leave are essential. They determine whether people choose us for business partners. Following the rules of good manners is a demonstration of respect and helps create harmonious partnerships. Therefore, we believe that the good business education enriched with etiquette training is the winning combination. From a student in Vienna to the head of one of the largest IT companies in Bulgaria: Andon Simeonov reveals the formula for success IT entrepreneur Andon Simeonov speaks to Money.bg
bgonair.bg – VUZF is looking for Bulgaria's excellent students with a unique campaign for future students
Published: 30.04.2024/14/05 XNUMX:XNUMX
The Higher School of Insurance and Finance (VUZF) announces the launch of the third edition of its special campaign "VUZF for honors". The initiative is aimed at candidate students who have completed their secondary education with excellent results and are willing to continue their academic development at a TOP 3 university in the country, in the field of "Economics", according to the rating system of the Ministry of Education and Culture.
Through the campaign business the university will provide exceptional training conditions for Bulgaria's excellent students, providing them with an internationally recognized education and opportunities for professional realization.
Honors student applicants will earn a 30% discount on semester fees for the first year of their undergraduate studies.
The campaign starts from May 1, 2024 and continues until July 10, 2024, and will go through two stages. The first stage is through registration for the participation of those who wish, by sending an application to e-mail: priem@vuzf.bg. The second stage requires that the applicant students meet the condition of having an overall success in their high school diploma and in the state matriculation examinations, not lower than an Excellent 5,50. All applicants meeting the condition of excellent success who wish to study at VUZF must send a copy of their secondary education diploma by July 10 to the specified email address.
"Our mission is to support young talents and create an effective bridge between secondary and higher education," says VUZF rector, Prof. Doctor of Law. Boris Velchev. "The campaign provides an exceptional opportunity for honors students to develop their potential in a learning environment recognized nationally and internationally."
Honors who will participate in the campaign will be able to choose from eight progressive and diverse programs that cover all aspects of economic sciences. Among the attractive offers for prospective students are the majors: "Information technologies and business management", "Business strategies and project management", "Finance and international business", "Management, Marketing and Digital business","Business Psychology and Human Resources', 'Accounting and Auditing' - ACCA accredited, 'Insurance and Assurance' and 'Business management and marketing' with teaching in English.
In the new academic year 24/25 business the university will provide its students with the opportunity to acquire a second degree from the prestigious German university Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts.
In addition to academic training, VUZF actively supports its students with practical opportunities through internship programs, which not only facilitate professional realization, but also contribute to high salary levels after graduation. In 2023, VUZF graduates are among the highest paid economic specialists in the country, with an average taxable income of BGN 3301, according to data from the National Social Security Institute.
This success is due to a combination of up-to-date majors, internationally recognized degrees, qualified teaching staff with experience in both academia and business, as well as a strong network of business partners.
Any prospective student who wishes to receive detailed information about the "VUZF for Excellence" campaign and the university or how to choose the most suitable major for himself, can book an appointment by e-mail: jgeorgieva@vuzf.bg, to contact by phone at 02 401 58 07 or learn more on the VUZF website - www.vuzf.bg.
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forbesbulgaria.com - Entrepreneurs with optimistic attitudes about the business environment in our country
Published: 29.04.2024/16/00 XNUMX:XNUMX
Selected articles and news from the editorial office of Forbes Bulgaria
Bulgarian entrepreneurs are optimistic about the economic situation in the country. In April 2024, the total indicator of business the climate rose by 1.8 points compared to March (from 23.0% to 24.8%), with growth in the indicator being registered in all observed sectors - industry, construction, retail trade and services, according to data from the National Statistical Institute (NSI). A key problem for stabilizing sectors that managers continue to face is the uncertain economic environment and labor shortages.
KEY FACTS
1.2 points (from 23.5% to 24.7%) as a result of the optimistic assessments of industrial entrepreneurs for the current business state of enterprises. Current manufacturing activity is also improving, with an increase in new order inflows over the past three months. The average capacity utilization in April was 0.3 points below the level of January and reached 74.9%. Regarding sales prices in industry, most managers expect them to maintain their level in the next three months
In retail business climate rose by 3.6 points (from 26.1% to 29.7%) mainly due to improved expectations of retailers for business the state of enterprises in the next six months. Their forecasts for both sales volume and supplier orders over the next three months remain optimistic. Regarding sales prices, the expectations of retailers are to maintain their level in the next three months
Business the climate in construction increases by 1.1 points (from 25.5% to 26.6%), which is due to the more favorable assessments and expectations of construction contractors for business the state of enterprises. The production schedule is secured with contracts for a longer period of time compared to three months earlier. At the same time, expectations for new orders in the next six months are improving. Regarding sales prices in construction, managers expect them to remain unchanged in the next three months.
Services saw a growth of 1.8 points (from 16.5% to 18.3%), which is due to the positive assessments and expectations of managers for business the state of enterprises. At the same time, however, their forecasts regarding the demand for services in the next three months are less favorable. Managers expect prices to remain unchanged.
POINT OF TOUCH
Business observations in industry, construction, retail trade and the service sector collect information on the opinions of entrepreneurs regarding the state and development of their business. Since May 2002, everyone business observations are financed jointly by NSI and the European Commission. Responses to survey questions are presented on a three-point category scale of the type: 'increase', 'no change', 'decrease' or 'above normal', 'normal', 'below normal'. Score balances are calculated as the difference of the relative shares of the extreme response options. The indicator "business "climate" is a geometric mean of the balances of the ratings for the current and the expected business situation in enterprises in the next six months.
BIG NUMBER
4900. So many enterprises are surveyed by the National Statistical Institute every month.
http://www.turbulence.tech